curl
Cheatsheet for curl
Curl
#!/bin/bash
##############################################################################
# BASICS
##############################################################################
# help
curl -h # help
curl --help # same as -h
curl --manual # whole man page
# verbose
curl -v # verbose
curl -vv # even more verbose
# redirect output to the file
curl http://url/file > file
# write to file instead of stdout
curl -o file http://url/file
curl --output file http://url/file
# write output to a file named as the remote file
curl -o file http://url/file
curl --output file http://url/file
# execute remote script
bash <(curl -s http://url/myscript.sh)
# download headers
curl -I url # display header
# basic authentification
curl --user username:password http://example.com/
curl -u username:password http://example.com/
# SSL
# -k, --insecure allow insecure server connections when using SSL
curl -k https://server_with_self_signed_cert/endpoint
curl --insecure https://server_with_self_signed_cert/endpoint
# HTTP request
# -X, --request <command> specify request command to use
# example:
curl -X GET http://url/endpoint
# HTTP header
# -H, --header <header/@file> pass custom header(s) to server
# example:
curl -H 'user-agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.163 Safari/537.36' http://url/endpoing
# HTTP POST data
# -d, --data <data> HTTP POST data
# -d, --data @data HTTP POST data from file
# example:
curl -d '{json}' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' http://url/endpoint
# config file
curl -K file #
#or # Read config from a file
curl --config file #
$HOME/.curlrc # Default config file in UNIX-like systems
##############################################################################
# WRITE OUT PARAMETERS
##############################################################################
# -w, --write-out <format> Use output FORMAT after completion
# example:
curl -w %{size_header} --silent -o /dev/null http://gogle.com # print size of header when you accessing google.com
# FORMAT supported:
# %{content_type} # shows the Content-Type of the requested document, if there was any.
# %{filename_effective} # shows the ultimate filename that curl writes out to.
# This is only meaningful if curl is told to write to a file with
# the --remote-name or --output option. It's most useful in combination
# with the --remote-header-name option.
# %{ftp_entry_path} # shows the initial path curl ended up in when logging on to the remote FTP server.
# %{response_code} # shows the numerical response code that was found in the last transfer.
# %{http_connect} # shows the numerical code that was found in the last response (from a proxy)
# to a curl CONNECT request.
# %{local_ip} # shows the IP address of the local end of the most recently done connection—can
# be either IPv4 or IPv6
# %{local_port} # shows the local port number of the most recently made connection
# %{num_connects} # shows the number of new connects made in the recent transfer.
# %{num_redirects} # shows the number of redirects that were followed in the request.
# %{redirect_url} # shows the actual URL a redirect would take you to when an HTTP request
# was made without -L to follow redirects.
# %{remote_ip} # shows the remote IP address of the most recently made connection—can be
# either IPv4 or IPv6.
# %{remote_port} # shows the remote port number of the most recently made connection.
# %{size_download} # shows the total number of bytes that were downloaded.
# %{size_header} # shows the total number of bytes of the downloaded headers.
# %{size_request} # shows the total number of bytes that were sent in the HTTP request.
# %{size_upload} # shows the total number of bytes that were uploaded.
# %{speed_download} # shows the average download speed that curl measured for the complete download
# in bytes per second.
# %{speed_upload} # shows the average upload speed that curl measured for the complete upload in
# bytes per second.
# %{ssl_verify_result} # shows the result of the SSL peer certificate verification that was requested.
# 0 means the verification was successful.
# %{time_appconnect} # shows the time, in seconds, it took from the start until the SSL/SSH/etc connect/handshake
# to the remote host was completed.
# %{time_connect} # shows the time, in seconds, it took from the start until the TCP connect to the remote
# host (or proxy) was completed.
# %{time_namelookup} # shows the time, in seconds, it took from the start until the name resolving was completed.
# %{time_pretransfer} # shows the time, in seconds, it took from the start until the file transfer was just about
# to begin. This includes all pre-transfer commands and negotiations that are specific to
# the particular protocol(s) involved.
# %{time_redirect} # shows the time, in seconds, it took for all redirection steps including name lookup, connect,
# pre-transfer and transfer before the final transaction was started. time_redirect shows
# the complete execution time for multiple redirections.
# %{time_starttransfer} # shows the time, in seconds, it took from the start until the first byte was just about to
# be transferred. This includes time_pretransfer and also the time the server needed
# to calculate the result.
# %{time_total} # shows the total time, in seconds, that the full operation lasted. The time will be displayed
# with millisecond resolution.
# %{url_effective} # shows the URL that was fetched last. This is particularly meaningful if you have told curl
# to follow Location: headers (with -L)