Checktheinputlocationwhereparsingfailed
If parsing failed in the recognizer, look at the input location where it happened. Compare the input
against the grammar. This step is fairly obvious, but I include it because even experts (actually,
especially experts) will sometimes overlook the obvious in a rush to use more advanced techniques.
Dumptheparsevalue
Sometimes, even when there is a parse error, you can still evaluate the parse using the SLIF recognizer's
value() method. If you are fortunate enough to have a parse value at the point of failure, it can be an
excellent way to determine what the parser thinks it has seen so far. It is more likely that there will
be a parse value if you are using incremental development, and the parse values will be especially
helpful if your parse values are AST's.
If you are trying to run diagnostics on a failed parse, it is useful to catch the exception using "eval":
my $eval_error = $EVAL_ERROR if not eval { $recce->read( \$test_input ); 1 };
$progress_report = $recce->show_progress( 0, -1 );
Traceterminals
Set the "trace_terminals" recognizer named argument to 1. This tells you which tokens the recognizer is
looking for and which ones it thinks it found. If the problem is in lexing, "trace_terminals" tells you
the whole story. Even if the problem is not in the lexing, tracing terminals can tell you a lot.
Traceprogress
Tracing the recognizer's progress with "show_progress" is the most powerful tool available in the basic
toolkit. "show_progress" should provide all the information necessary to debug an application's grammar.
A separate document explains how to interpret the progress reports. That document includes an example of
the use of "show_progress" to debug an error in a grammar.
Doublecheckrulesandsymbols
It sometimes helps to look carefully at the output of "show_symbols" and "show_rules". Check if anything
there is not what you expected. For thorough checking, it can be helpful to use a verbosity level higher
than 1.
Othertraces
Setting the SLIF recognizer's "trace_values" named argument to a trace level of 1 traces the values of
the parse tree nodes as they are pushed on, and popped off, the evaluation stack.
Basicchecklist
A full investigation of a parse includes the following:
• Of course, the error message.
• If the failed parse returns a value, a dump of that value.
• Set the SLIF recognizer's "trace_terminals" named argument to level 1.
• Run "show_rules" on the SLIF grammar.
• Run "show_symbols" on the SLIF grammar.
• Run show_progress() on the SLIF recognizer.
When considering how much tracing to turn on, remember that if the input text to the grammar is large,
the outputs from "trace_terminals", "show_progress", and "trace_values", and the dump of the parse value,
can be very lengthy. You want to work with short inputs when possible.
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