MIME::Words - deal with RFC 2047 encoded words

Eryq (eryq@zeegee.com), ZeeGee Software Inc (http://www.zeegee.com). Dianne Skoll (dianne@skoll.ca) All rights reserved. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. Thanks also to... Kent Boortz For providing the idea, and the baseline RFC-1522-decoding code! KJJ at PrimeNet For requesting that this be split into its own module. Stephane Barizien For reporting a nasty bug. perl v5.38.2 2024-04-27 MIME::Words(3pm)

Fellow Americans, you probably won't know what the hell this module is for. Europeans, Russians, et al, you probably do. ":-)". For example, here's a valid MIME header you might get: From: =?US-ASCII?Q?Keith_Moore?= <moore@cs.utk.edu> To: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk> CC: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Andr=E9_?= Pirard <PIRARD@vm1.ulg.ac.be> Subject: =?ISO-8859-1?B?SWYgeW91IGNhbiByZWFkIHRoaXMgeW8=?= =?ISO-8859-2?B?dSB1bmRlcnN0YW5kIHRoZSBleGFtcGxlLg==?= =?US-ASCII?Q?.._cool!?= The fields basically decode to (sorry, I can only approximate the Latin characters with 7 bit sequences /o and 'e): From: Keith Moore <moore@cs.utk.edu> To: Keld J/orn Simonsen <keld@dkuug.dk> CC: Andr'e Pirard <PIRARD@vm1.ulg.ac.be> Subject: If you can read this you understand the example... cool!

MIME::Words - deal with RFC 2047 encoded words

Exports its principle functions by default, in keeping with MIME::Base64 and MIME::QuotedPrint.

decode_mimewords ENCODED Function. Go through the string looking for RFC 2047-style "Q" (quoted-printable, sort of) or "B" (base64) encoding, and decode them. Inanarraycontext, splits the ENCODED string into a list of decoded "[DATA, CHARSET]" pairs, and returns that list. Unencoded data are returned in a 1-element array "[DATA]", giving an effective CHARSET of "undef". $enc = '=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk>'; foreach (decode_mimewords($enc)) { print "", ($_->[1] || 'US-ASCII'), ": ", $_->[0], "\n"; } Inascalarcontext, joins the "data" elements of the above list together, and returns that. Warning:thisisinformation-lossy, and probably not what you want, but if you know that all charsets in the ENCODED string are identical, it might be useful to you. (Before you use this, please see "unmime" in MIME::WordDecoder, which is probably what you want.) In the event of a syntax error, $@ will be set to a description of the error, but parsing will continue as best as possible (so as to get something back when decoding headers). $@ will be false if no error was detected. Any arguments past the ENCODED string are taken to define a hash of options: encode_mimeword RAW, [ENCODING], [CHARSET] Function. Encode a single RAW "word" that has unsafe characters. The "word" will be encoded in its entirety. ### Encode "<<Franc,ois>>": $encoded = encode_mimeword("\xABFran\xE7ois\xBB"); You may specify the ENCODING ("Q" or "B"), which defaults to "Q". You may specify the CHARSET, which defaults to "iso-8859-1". encode_mimewords RAW, [OPTS] Function. Given a RAW string, try to find and encode all "unsafe" sequences of characters: ### Encode a string with some unsafe "words": $encoded = encode_mimewords("Me and \xABFran\xE7ois\xBB"); Returns the encoded string. Any arguments past the RAW string are taken to define a hash of options: Charset Encode all unsafe stuff with this charset. Default is 'ISO-8859-1', a.k.a. "Latin-1". Encoding The encoding to use, "q" or "b". The default is "q". Warning: this is a quick-and-dirty solution, intended for character sets which overlap ASCII. ItdoesnotcomplywiththeRFC2047rulesregardingtheuseofencodedwordsinmessageheaders. You may want to roll your own variant, using encode_mimeword(), for your application. ThankstoJanKasprzakforremindingmeaboutthisproblem.

MIME::Base64, MIME::QuotedPrint, MIME::Tools For other implementations of this or similar functionality (particularly, ones with proper UTF8 support), see: Encode::MIME::Header, MIME::EncWords, MIME::AltWords At some future point, one of these implementations will likely replace MIME::Words and MIME::Words will become deprecated.

Before reading further, you should see MIME::Tools to make sure that you understand where this module fits into the grand scheme of things. Go on, do it now. I'll wait. Ready? Ok... use MIME::Words qw(:all); ### Decode the string into another string, forgetting the charsets: $decoded = decode_mimewords( 'To: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk>', ); ### Split string into array of decoded [DATA,CHARSET] pairs: @decoded = decode_mimewords( 'To: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk>', ); ### Encode a single unsafe word: $encoded = encode_mimeword("\xABFran\xE7ois\xBB"); ### Encode a string, trying to find the unsafe words inside it: $encoded = encode_mimewords("Me and \xABFran\xE7ois\xBB in town");