~/.proverc/./.proverc
If ~/.proverc or ./.proverc exist they will be read and any options they contain processed before the
command line options. Options in .proverc are specified in the same way as command line options:
# .proverc
--state=hot,fast,save
-j9
Additional option files may be specified with the "--rc" option. Default option file processing is
disabled by the "--norc" option.
Under Windows and VMS the option file is named _proverc rather than .proverc and is sought only in the
current directory.
Readingfrom"STDIN"
If you have a list of tests (or URLs, or anything else you want to test) in a file, you can add them to
your tests by using a '-':
prove - < my_list_of_things_to_test.txt
See the "README" in the "examples" directory of this distribution.
DefaultTestDirectory
If no files or directories are supplied, "prove" looks for all files matching the pattern "t/*.t".
ColoredTestOutput
Colored test output using TAP::Formatter::Color is the default, but if output is not to a terminal, color
is disabled. You can override this by adding the "--color" switch.
Color support requires Term::ANSIColor and, on windows platforms, also Win32::Console::ANSI. If the
necessary module(s) are not installed colored output will not be available.
ExitCode
If the tests fail "prove" will exit with non-zero status.
ArgumentstoTests
It is possible to supply arguments to tests. To do so separate them from prove's own arguments with the
arisdottle, '::'. For example
prove -v t/mytest.t :: --url http://example.com
would run t/mytest.t with the options '--url http://example.com'. When running multiple tests they will
each receive the same arguments.
"--exec"
Normally you can just pass a list of Perl tests and the harness will know how to execute them. However,
if your tests are not written in Perl or if you want all tests invoked exactly the same way, use the
"-e", or "--exec" switch:
prove --exec '/usr/bin/ruby -w' t/
prove --exec '/usr/bin/perl -Tw -mstrict -Ilib' t/
prove --exec '/path/to/my/customer/exec'
"--merge"
If you need to make sure your diagnostics are displayed in the correct order relative to test results you
can use the "--merge" option to merge the test scripts' STDERR into their STDOUT.
This guarantees that STDOUT (where the test results appear) and STDERR (where the diagnostics appear)
will stay in sync. The harness will display any diagnostics your tests emit on STDERR.
Caveat: this is a bit of a kludge. In particular note that if anything that appears on STDERR looks like
a test result the test harness will get confused. Use this option only if you understand the consequences
and can live with the risk.
"--trap"
The "--trap" option will attempt to trap SIGINT (Ctrl-C) during a test run and display the test summary
even if the run is interrupted
"--state"
You can ask "prove" to remember the state of previous test runs and select and/or order the tests to be
run based on that saved state.
The "--state" switch requires an argument which must be a comma separated list of one or more of the
following options.
"last"
Run the same tests as the last time the state was saved. This makes it possible, for example, to
recreate the ordering of a shuffled test.
# Run all tests in random order
$ prove -b --state=save --shuffle
# Run them again in the same order
$ prove -b --state=last
"failed"
Run only the tests that failed on the last run.
# Run all tests
$ prove -b --state=save
# Run failures
$ prove -b --state=failed
If you also specify the "save" option newly passing tests will be excluded from subsequent runs.
# Repeat until no more failures
$ prove -b --state=failed,save
"passed"
Run only the passed tests from last time. Useful to make sure that no new problems have been
introduced.
"all"
Run all tests in normal order. Multiple options may be specified, so to run all tests with the
failures from last time first:
$ prove -b --state=failed,all,save
"hot"
Run the tests that most recently failed first. The last failure time of each test is stored. The
"hot" option causes tests to be run in most-recent- failure order.
$ prove -b --state=hot,save
Tests that have never failed will not be selected. To run all tests with the most recently failed
first use
$ prove -b --state=hot,all,save
This combination of options may also be specified thus
$ prove -b --state=adrian
"todo"
Run any tests with todos.
"slow"
Run the tests in slowest to fastest order. This is useful in conjunction with the "-j" parallel
testing switch to ensure that your slowest tests start running first.
$ prove -b --state=slow -j9
"fast"
Run test tests in fastest to slowest order.
"new"
Run the tests in newest to oldest order based on the modification times of the test scripts.
"old"
Run the tests in oldest to newest order.
"fresh"
Run those test scripts that have been modified since the last test run.
"save"
Save the state on exit. The state is stored in a file called .prove (_prove on Windows and VMS) in
the current directory.
The "--state" switch may be used more than once.
$ prove -b --state=hot --state=all,save
--rules
The "--rules" option is used to control which tests are run sequentially and which are run in parallel,
if the "--jobs" option is specified. The option may be specified multiple times, and the order matters.
The most practical use is likely to specify that some tests are not "parallel-ready". Since mentioning a
file with --rules doesn't cause it to be selected to run as a test, you can "set and forget" some rules
preferences in your .proverc file. Then you'll be able to take maximum advantage of the performance
benefits of parallel testing, while some exceptions are still run in parallel.
--rulesexamples
# All tests are allowed to run in parallel, except those starting with "p"
--rules='seq=t/p*.t' --rules='par=**'
# All tests must run in sequence except those starting with "p", which should be run parallel
--rules='par=t/p*.t'
--rulesresolution
• By default, all tests are eligible to be run in parallel. Specifying any of your own rules removes
this one.
• "First match wins". The first rule that matches a test will be the one that applies.
• Any test which does not match a rule will be run in sequence at the end of the run.
• The existence of a rule does not imply selecting a test. You must still specify the tests to run.
• Specifying a rule to allow tests to run in parallel does not make them run in parallel. You still
need specify the number of parallel "jobs" in your Harness object.
--rulesGlob-stylepatternmatching
We implement our own glob-style pattern matching for --rules. Here are the supported patterns:
** is any number of characters, including /, within a pathname
* is zero or more characters within a filename/directory name
? is exactly one character within a filename/directory name
{foo,bar,baz} is any of foo, bar or baz.
\ is an escape character
Moreadvancedspecificationsforparallelvssequencerunrules
If you need more advanced management of what runs in parallel vs in sequence, see the associated 'rules'
documentation in TAP::Harness and TAP::Parser::Scheduler. If what's possible directly through "prove" is
not sufficient, you can write your own harness to access these features directly.
@INC
prove introduces a separation between "options passed to the perl which runs prove" and "options passed
to the perl which runs tests"; this distinction is by design. Thus the perl which is running a test
starts with the default @INC. Additional library directories can be added via the "PERL5LIB" environment
variable, via -Ifoo in "PERL5OPT" or via the "-Ilib" option to prove.
TaintMode
Normally when a Perl program is run in taint mode the contents of the "PERL5LIB" environment variable do
not appear in @INC.
Because "PERL5LIB" is often used during testing to add build directories to @INC prove passes the names
of any directories found in "PERL5LIB" as -I switches. The net effect of this is that "PERL5LIB" is
honoured even when prove is run in taint mode.
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