This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux implementation of this interface
Contents
Application Usage
None.
Asynchronous Events
Default.
Consequences Of Errors
Default.
Thefollowingsectionsareinformative.Copyright
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard
for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition, Copyright (C) 2018 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the original
IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document.
The original Standard can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page are most likely to have been introduced
during the conversion of the source files to man page format. To report such errors, see
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .
IEEE/The Open Group 2017 SHIFT(1POSIX)
Description
The positional parameters shall be shifted. Positional parameter 1 shall be assigned the value of
parameter (1+n), parameter 2 shall be assigned the value of parameter (2+n), and so on. The parameters
represented by the numbers "$#" down to "$#-n+1" shall be unset, and the parameter '#' is updated to
reflect the new number of positional parameters.
The value n shall be an unsigned decimal integer less than or equal to the value of the special parameter
'#'. If n is not given, it shall be assumed to be 1. If n is 0, the positional and special parameters
are not changed.
Environment Variables
None.
Examples
$ set a b c d e
$ shift 2
$ echo $*
cdeExit Status
If the n operand is invalid or is greater than "$#", this may be considered a syntax error and a non-
interactive shell may exit; if the shell does not exit in this case, a non-zero exit status shall be
returned. Otherwise, zero shall be returned.
Extended Description
None.
Future Directions
None.
Input Files
None.
Name
shift — shift positional parameters
Operands
See the DESCRIPTION.
Options
None.
Output Files
None.
Prolog
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux implementation of this interface
may differ (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface
may not be implemented on Linux.
Rationale
None.
See Also
Section2.14, SpecialBuilt-InUtilities
Stderr
The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.
Stdin
Not used.
Stdout
Not used.
Synopsis
shift [n]