decode_mimewords ENCODED, [OPTS...]
Function. Go through the string looking for RFC 2047-style "Q" (quoted-printable, sort of) or "B"
(base64) encoding, and decode them.
Inanarraycontext, splits the ENCODED string into a list of decoded "[DATA, CHARSET]" pairs, and
returns that list. Unencoded data are returned in a 1-element array "[DATA]", giving an effective
CHARSET of "undef".
$enc = '=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk>';
foreach (decode_mimewords($enc)) {
print "", ($_[1] || 'US-ASCII'), ": ", $_[0], "\n";
}
** However, adjacent encoded-words with same charset will be concatenated to handle multibyte
sequences safely.
** Language information defined by RFC2231, section 5 will be additional third element, if any.
* Whitespaces surrounding unencoded data will not be stripped so that compatibility with MIME::Words
will be ensured.
Inascalarcontext, joins the "data" elements of the above list together, and returns that.
Warning:thisisinformation-lossy, and probably not what you want, but if you know that all charsets
in the ENCODED string are identical, it might be useful to you. (Before you use this, please see
"unmime" in MIME::WordDecoder, which is probably what you want.) ** See also "Charset" option below.
In the event of a syntax error, $@ will be set to a description of the error, but parsing will
continue as best as possible (so as to get something back when decoding headers). $@ will be false
if no error was detected.
* Malformed encoded-words will be kept encoded. In this case $@ will be set.
Any arguments past the ENCODED string are taken to define a hash of options. ** When
Unicode/multibyte support is disabled (see "USE_ENCODE" in MIME::Charset), these options will not
have any effects.
Charset **
Name of character set by which data elements in scalar context will be converted. The default is
no conversion. If this option is specified as special value "_UNICODE_", returned value will be
Unicode string.
Note: This feature is still information-lossy, except when "_UNICODE_" is specified.
Detect7bit **
Try to detect 7-bit charset on unencoded portions. Default is "YES".
Mapping **
In scalar context, specify mappings actually used for charset names. "EXTENDED" uses extended
mappings. "STANDARD" uses standardized strict mappings. Default is "EXTENDED".
encode_mimeword RAW, [ENCODING], [CHARSET]
Function. Encode a single RAW "word" that has unsafe characters. The "word" will be encoded in its
entirety.
### Encode "<<Franc,ois>>":
$encoded = encode_mimeword("\xABFran\xE7ois\xBB");
You may specify the ENCODING ("Q" or "B"), which defaults to "Q". ** You may also specify it as
``special'' value: "S" to choose shorter one of either "Q" or "B".
You may specify the CHARSET, which defaults to "iso-8859-1".
* Spaces will be escaped with ``_'' by "Q" encoding.
encode_mimewords RAW, [OPTS]
Function. Given a RAW string, try to find and encode all "unsafe" sequences of characters:
### Encode a string with some unsafe "words":
$encoded = encode_mimewords("Me and \xABFran\xE7ois\xBB");
Returns the encoded string.
** RAW may be a Unicode string when Unicode/multibyte support is enabled (see "USE_ENCODE" in
MIME::Charset). Furthermore, RAW may be a reference to that returned by "decode_mimewords" on array
context. In latter case "Charset" option (see below) will be overridden (see also a note below).
Note: * When RAW is an arrayref, adjacent encoded-words (i.e. elements having non-ASCII charset
element) are concatenated. Then they are split taking care of character boundaries of multibyte
sequences when Unicode/multibyte support is enabled. Portions for unencoded data should include
surrounding whitespace(s), or they will be merged into adjoining encoded-word(s).
Any arguments past the RAW string are taken to define a hash of options:
Charset
Encode all unsafe stuff with this charset. Default is 'ISO-8859-1', a.k.a. "Latin-1".
Detect7bit **
When "Encoding" option (see below) is specified as "a" and "Charset" option is unknown, try to
detect 7-bit charset on given RAW string. Default is "YES". When Unicode/multibyte support is
disabled, this option will not have any effects (see "USE_ENCODE" in MIME::Charset).
Encoding
The encoding to use, "q" or "b". ** You may also specify ``special'' values: "a" will
automatically choose recommended encoding to use (with charset conversion if alternative charset
is recommended: see MIME::Charset); "s" will choose shorter one of either "q" or "b". Note: * As
of release 1.005, The default was changed from "q" (the default on MIME::Words) to "a".
Field
Name of the mail field this string will be used in. ** Length of mail field name will be
considered in the first line of encoded header.
Folding **
A Sequence to fold encoded lines. The default is "\n". If empty string "" is specified,
encoded-words exceeding line length (see "MaxLineLen" below) will be split by SPACE.
Note: * Though RFC 5322 (formerly RFC 2822) states that the lines in Internet messages are
delimited by CRLF ("\r\n"), this module chose LF ("\n") as a default to keep backward
compatibility. When you use the default, you might need converting newlines before encoded
headers are thrown into session.
Mapping **
Specify mappings actually used for charset names. "EXTENDED" uses extended mappings. "STANDARD"
uses standardized strict mappings. The default is "EXTENDED". When Unicode/multibyte support is
disabled, this option will not have any effects (see "USE_ENCODE" in MIME::Charset).
MaxLineLen **
Maximum line length excluding newline. The default is 76. Negative value means unlimited line
length (as of release 1.012.3).
Minimal **
Takes care of natural word separators (i.e. whitespaces) in the text to be encoded. If "NO" is
specified, this module will encode whole text (if encoding needed) not regarding whitespaces;
encoded-words exceeding line length will be split based only on their lengths. Default is "YES"
by which minimal portions of text are encoded. If "DISPNAME" is specified, portions including
special characters described in RFC5322 (formerly RFC2822, RFC822) address specification (section
3.4) are also encoded. This is useful for encoding display-name of address fields.
Note: As of release 0.040, default has been changed to "YES" to ensure compatibility with
MIME::Words. On earlier releases, this option was fixed to be "NO".
Note: "DISPNAME" option was introduced at release 1.012.
Replacement **
See "Error Handling" in MIME::Charset.
ConfigurationFiles**
Built-in defaults of option parameters for "decode_mimewords" (except 'Charset' option) and
"encode_mimewords" can be overridden by configuration files: MIME/Charset/Defaults.pm and
MIME/EncWords/Defaults.pm. For more details read MIME/EncWords/Defaults.pm.sample.
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